Methodology

Sources

Bank figures come from the FDIC BankFind Suite's quarterly financial data, which is drawn from the FFIEC Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income (Call Reports). Detailed FFIEC schedules are used where they have been published in bulk. Credit union figures come from the NCUA's quarterly Call Report (Form 5300) data. Every page names its source and reporting quarter.

Calculations

FORFI calculates each measure from reported fields with a versioned engine (currently 2026.09.7). Income is de-accumulated from year-to-date filings into standalone quarters and annualized by actual days. Averages use reported averages where available and are labelled as estimates otherwise. A missing value is shown as missing, never as zero. Bank and credit union definitions differ, for example margin on earning assets versus on average assets, so they are never pooled.

Peer groups

Peers are institutions of the same type that reported to the same source for the same quarter, in the same asset band: Under $100M, $100M to $300M, $300M to $1B, $1B to $3B, $3B to $10B, $10B to $50B, $50B and above. Every comparison leaves the institution itself out of the median and the percentile. When a band has fewer than 20 other institutions, it is combined with the neighbouring band, and the page says so.

Signals

A signal appears when an institution sits in the outer tail of its peers on one measure, and the gap to the peer median is large enough to matter. Percentile tails adapt to the rate cycle: when most banks' deposit costs fall, a bank whose costs stay flat stands out. A few compound signals combine related changes, such as funding costs that are not easing while deposits trail peers. A page shows the three to five most material, at most one per theme. When fewer than three signals stand out, a page adds context: where the institution sits furthest from its peers, using the 80th and 20th percentiles and half of each signal's minimum difference. Context is labelled as such and never described as a change.

Signals are descriptive screening rules written by FORFI. They are not supervisory ratings, credit opinions, forecasts or advice, and public filings cannot show which customers are behind a change.

See every signal definition